问题描述
我根据How To Serve Flask Applications with uWSGI and Nginx on Ubuntu 14.04的指导部署我的Flask应用，使用教程中简单的例子是可以部署成功的，但是当把应用的入口文件替换成自己的却不行，并且奇怪的是在virtualenv 环境下直接用
python wsgi.py
却是可以的，而用
uwsgi --socket 0.0.0.0:5000 --protocol=http -w wsgi
就不行了,错误如下：
dev@ubuntu:~/tests$ uwsgi --socket 0.0.0.0:5000 --protocol=http -w wsgi *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.12 (64bit) on [Sat Apr 9 16:11:05 2016] *** compiled with version: 4.8.2 on 08 April 2016 16:57:14 os: Linux-3.13.0-32-generic #57-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 03:51:08 UTC 2014 nodename: ubuntu machine: x86_64 clock source: unix detected number of CPU cores: 4 current working directory: /home/xiaoyi/tests detected binary path: /home/xiaoyi/tests/env/bin/uwsgi !!! no internal routing support, rebuild with pcre support !!! *** WARNING: you are running uWSGI without its master process manager *** your processes number limit is 7733 your memory page size is 4096 bytes detected max file descriptor number: 1024 lock engine: pthread robust mutexes thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock) uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 0.0.0.0:5000 fd 3 Python version: 2.7.6 (default, Jun 22 2015, 18:01:27) [GCC 4.8.2] *** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads *** Python main interpreter initialized at 0xb98500 your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds mapped 72768 bytes (71 KB) for 1 cores *** Operational MODE: single process *** Traceback (most recent call last): File './wsgi.py', line 17, in <module>app.run(host=os.getenv(’IP’, ’0.0.0.0’), port = int(os.getenv(’PORT’,5000))) File '/home/xiaoyi/tests/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py', line 772, in runrun_simple(host, port, self, **options) File '/home/xiaoyi/tests/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/werkzeug/serving.py', line 694, in run_simpleinner() File '/home/xiaoyi/tests/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/werkzeug/serving.py', line 656, in innerfd=fd) File '/home/xiaoyi/tests/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/werkzeug/serving.py', line 550, in make_serverpassthrough_errors, ssl_context, fd=fd) File '/home/xiaoyi/tests/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/werkzeug/serving.py', line 464, in __init__HTTPServer.__init__(self, (host, int(port)), handler) File '/usr/lib/python2.7/SocketServer.py', line 419, in __init__self.server_bind() File '/usr/lib/python2.7/BaseHTTPServer.py', line 108, in server_bindSocketServer.TCPServer.server_bind(self) File '/usr/lib/python2.7/SocketServer.py', line 430, in server_bindself.socket.bind(self.server_address) File '/usr/lib/python2.7/socket.py', line 224, in methreturn getattr(self._sock,name)(*args) socket.error: [Errno 98] Address already in use unable to load app 0 (mountpoint=’’) (callable not found or import error) *** no app loaded. going in full dynamic mode *** *** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode *** spawned uWSGI worker 1 (and the only) (pid: 13702, cores: 1) ^A--- no python application found, check your startup logs for errors --- [pid: 13702|app: -1|req: -1/1] 14.28.139.49 () {34 vars in 644 bytes} [Sat Apr 9 16:12:50 2016] GET / => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (0 switches on core 0)
虽然根据以上错误提示表示为Address已被使用，但并未开启多个占用了该地址和端口，刚开始接触这块不太懂，还请指导下!
问题解答
回答1：经过仔细排查终于解决了，先贴下我的入口文件的代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-from application import create_app__author__ = ’Riky’app = create_app(’idc’)app.run()
当使用uwsgi --socket 0.0.0.0:5000 --protocol=http -w wsgi直接执行的时候，报的错如问题中贴的错误提示一样，地址被占用。但是进程中和端口都找不到占用的对应的应用程序，为啥简单的例子可以呢？我仔细对比了下：
from flask import Flaskapplication = Flask(__name__)@application.route('/')def hello(): return '<h1 style=’color:blue’>Hello There!</h1>'if __name__ == '__main__': application.run(host=’0.0.0.0’)
很明显因为我在IDE中开发中习惯了，而忽略了入口文件最基础的部分：
#入口在没有以下代码的前提下，使用python run.py 是可以执行的if __name__ == '__main__': app.run(host=’0.0.0.0’)
这样错误就变成了：
*** Operational MODE: single process ***unable to load app 0 (mountpoint=’’) (callable not found or import error)
而出现这个错误是一个比较让人无语的问题，uwsgi只能在入口文件识别application，而无法识别我定义的run。之所以会出现端口占用的情况，是因为app.run()实际上也执行了，但并不是uwsgi要加载的应用application。
最终改成一下就可以了：
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-from application import create_app__author__ = ’Riky’application = create_app(’idc’)if __name__ == '__main__': application.run()回答2：
uwsgi有一个配置文件，里面可以定义访问的地址和端口号，我觉得这 socket.error: [Errno 98] Address already in use 句报错可能是你没有配置uwsgi的原因。uwsgi的配置以及flask项目的部署过程可以参考一下我写的文章，嘿嘿。/a/1190000004294...
回答3：netstat -ntlp查看端口是不是被uwsgi占用，是的话ps -ef | grep uwsgi 找到pid，然后kill
